Exam III-IV Study Guide Version II

1) Table 40.1 – Organ systems: components and function

2) Figure 40.10 – Bioenergetics of an animal (overview)

3) Homeostasis (what is it, how does it work, and what are some examples) (see fig. 41.1)

4) Positive and negative feedback (e.g., fig. 40.9)

5) Basal metabolic rate vs. standard metabolic rate

6) Measuring metabolic rates (Fig. 40.11)

7) Annual energy budgets; comparisons between species (Fig. 40.13)

8) Four categories of tissue and function (Figs. 40.1-40.5)

9) Homeostatic regulation of cellular fuel (Fig. 41.1)

10) Essential amino acids and nutrients

11) Evolutionary adaptations of vertebrate digestive systems (e.g. dentition, digestive tract)

12) Open vs. closed circulatory system

13) Single circuit vs. two circuit blood flow

14) Blood pressure differences among vertebrate classes

15) Control of heartbeat in mammals

16) Composition and function of blood (Fig. 42.14)

17) Oxygen dissociation curves

18) Hemoglobin structure and function

19) Gas exchange in arthropods (Fig. 42.22)

20) Avian respiratory system (Fig. 42.25)

21) Humoral vs. cell mediated immunity

22) B cells vs. T cells

23) Antigens and antibodies

24) Plasma cells and immunity

25) Immune cell production

Exam IV

26) Ectotherm vs. endotherm

27) Osmoconformer vs. Osmoregulator

28) Isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic

29) Urea vs. ammonia vs. uric acid (water conservation, energy costs)

30) Asexual reproduction in animals

31) Internal vs. external fertilization (examples, costs and benefits)

32) Spermatogenesis

33) Male vs. female mammal reproductive systems (structure and function)

34) Hormones regulating spermatogenesis, and menstrual and ovarian cycles

35) Structures involved in sex hormone production/secretion

36) Preformation vs. epigenesis

37) Acrosomal reaction

38) Cortical reaction

39) Cleavage

40) Gastrulation

41) Organogenesis

42) Fate mapping

43) ADH

44) The effects of drinking beer vs. pure water vs. salt solution on urine production

45) Central nervous system vs. peripheral nervous system

46) Sarcomeres

47) Rhodopsin

48) Tympanic membrane

49) Energy costs of locomotion