...Fill in the infinitives below (first give principal parts)

 

 

 

Present (act./mid)

Future (act./mid)

[fut. pass.]

Aorist (act./mid)

Aorist Passive

ἀκούω,ἀκούσομαι,

ἤκουσα, ἠκούσθην

 ἀκούειν / ἀκούεσθαι

ἀκούσεσθαι

[ἀκούσθήσεσθαι] 

 ἀκοῦσαι /ἀκούσασθαι

ἀκουσθῆναι 

 

βάλλω, βαλῶ, ἔβαλον, ἐβλήθην

 βάλλειν / βάλλεσθαι

 βαλεῖν / βαλεῖσθαι

 βαλεῖν /

βαλέσθαι

βληθῆναι

 

ἀπο-θνῄσκω, ἀποθανούμαι, ἀπέθανον

 

 ἀποθανεῖσθαι

ἀποθανεῖν 

 

 

κτείνω, κτενῶ, ἔκτεινα

 

 κτενεῖν

κτεῖναι 

 

 

καθ-ἵστημι, καταστησω, κατέστησα/κατέστην

κατεστάθην

 καθ-ιστάναι /

καθ-ίστασθαι

 καταστήσειν / καταστήσεσθαι

[κατασταθήσεσθαι]

 καταστῆσαι / καταστῆναι

 κατασταθῆναι

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I. Now practice putting these forms into sentences (indirect statement and articular infinitive). Remember: indirect statment uses infinitives with verbs of saying and thinking, such as λέγω, νομίζω, πιστεύω, ἐλπίζω (negative, μὴ)

 

They said that they were honoring the dead = ἔλεγον τιμᾶν τοὺς ἀποθανόντας

            ..... that they had honored (them). = τιμῆσαι (αὐτούς)

 

We hoped that they would not get into danger (for ‘would’ use fut. infin.)

             = ἠλπίζομεν (or  ἠλπίσαμεν) αὐτοὺς μὴ εἰς κίνδυνον καταστήσεσθαι

             had not gotten into danger (for ‘had’ use aor.) = μὴ εἰς κίνδυνον καταστῆναι

 

He believed that the war was killing many and would kill many more.

            =   ἐνόμιζε/ἐπίστευε/ᾤετο  τὸν πόλεμον πολλοὺς κτείνειν

                        καὶ πλείονας (ἔτι) κτενεῖν.

 

 

And notice, again the difference between this construction (saying/thinking with infinitive) and seeing/knowing with participle (review participle chart, if needed).

 

He knew that the war was killing many. ἔγνω τὸν πόλεμον πολλὸυς κτείνοντα.

 

We saw that they had gotten into danger.  εἴδομεν αύτοὺς εἰς κίνδυνον καταστάντας.

 

 

II. The other important infinitive construction (for now) is the articular infinitive (p. 118), treating the infinitive as a (neuter) verbal noun (like our gerund in –ing), often as the object of a preposition. Any object of the infinitive or adverb modifying it goes between the article and its verbal noun:

 

‘getting into danger’ would be τὸ εἰς κίνδυνον καθίστασθαι

    'to have gotten into danger' (2nd aorist) = τὸ εἰς κίνδυνον κατα-στῆναι

 

‘honoring the dead’ = τὸ τοὺς ἀποθανόντας τιμᾶν

 

... the Greek for

 

‘conquering the Jews’ (< nom. οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι)  = τὸ τοὺς Ἰουδαίους νικᾶν /νικῆσαι

                                                (or τὸ τῶν Ἰουδαίων κρατεῖν)

 

‘hearing the truth’  = τὸ τὰ ἀληθῆ ἀκούειν / ἀκοῦσαι

(but ‘hearing the messenger’ =  τὸ τοῦ ἀγγέλου ἀκούειν / ἀκοῦσαι w/ gen. for persons)