The Trial: John 18.28-38

Basic vocabulary: ἄγω/ἤγαγον —lead, bring;  ἔρχομαι/ἦλθον—come ἀποκρίνομαι/ἀπεκρινάμην—answer; γίγνομαι/ἐγενόμην—(be)come              δίδωμι/ἔδωκα—give;  λαμβάνω/ἔλαβον—take;    ἀποκτείνω/ἀπέκτεινα—kill; λέγω/εἶπον—say, tell ;    εἰμὶ, εἶ, ἐστι/infinitive εἶναι— (to) be.  φέρω—bring, bear.    ἀλήθεια—truth;   βασιλεύς—king,    βασιλεία— kingdom;     αἰτία—charge (crime);

κόσμος —world;   ὑπηρέτης (-ου)—servant (declined like πολίτης)]  [[Click here for audio]]

    ῎Αγουσιν οὖν τὸν ᾿Ιησοῦν ἀπὸ τοῦ Καϊάφα*                                   [Caiaphas, the high priest]

εἰς τὸ πραιτώριον·* . . .                                                                       [*πραιτώριον—pretorium,

 ἐξῆλθεν οὖν ὁ Πιλᾶτος ἔξω πρὸς αὐτοὺς καὶ φησίν,                            administrative center]

  Τίνα κατηγορίαν φέρετε [κατὰ] τοῦ ἀνθρώπου τούτου;                           charge/complaints

 ἀπεκρίθησαν καὶ εἶπον αὐτῷ,

             Εἰ μὴ ἦν* οὗτος κακὸν ποιῶν,                                                     [* 'If (he) were not . . .

οὐκ ἄν* σοι παρεδώκαμεν [=παρ-ε-δο-μεν] αὐτόν.                                          ...we would not...]

 εἶπεν οὖν αὐτοῖς ὁ Πιλᾶτος, Λάβετε αὐτὸν ὑμεῖς,                                                       

31) καὶ κατὰ τὸν νόμον ὑμῶν κρίνατε* αὐτόν.                                                [κρίνω—judge ]

             εἶπον αὐτῷ οἱ ᾿Ιουδαῖοι,

 ῾Ημῖν οὐκ ἔξεστιν ἀποκτεῖναι οὐδένα· . . .

 Εἰσῆλθεν οὖν πάλιν εἰς τὸ πραιτώριον ὁ Πιλᾶτος καὶ                                                 

  33) ἐφώνησεν* τὸν ᾿Ιησοῦν καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ,                                  [φωνέω =καλέω, —call, speak]

Σὺ εἶ ὁ βασιλεὺς τῶν ᾿Ιουδαίων;

 ἀπεκρίθη ᾿Ιησοῦς,

              ᾿Απὸ σεαυτοῦ* σὺ τοῦτο λέγεις                                                  ['of your own accord']

ἢ ἄλλοι εἶπόν σοι περὶ ἐμοῦ;                                                [[Click here for audio, cont.]]

ἀπεκρίθη ὁ Πιλᾶτος, Μήτι* ἐγὼ ᾿Ιουδαῖός εἰμι;                                             ['(surely) not...?']

τὸ ἔθνος τὸ σὸν καὶ οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς  παρέδωκάν* σε ἐμοί·                            * =παρ-ε-δο-σαν

τί ἐποίησας;

 ἀπεκρίθη ᾿Ιησοῦς, ῾Η βασιλεία ἡ ἐμὴ οὐκ ἔστιν ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου τούτου·                      

36) εἰ ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου τούτου ἦν ἡ βασιλεία ἡ ἐμή, οἱ ὑπηρέται οἱ ἐμοὶ

ἠγωνίζοντο [ἂν] ἵνα μὴ παραδοθῶ                                   [would fight, that I not be surrendered]

. . .εἶπεν οὖν αὐτῷ ὁ Πιλᾶτος, Οὐκοῦν βασιλεὺς εἶ σύ;

ἀπεκρίθη ὁ ᾿Ιησοῦς, Σὺ λέγεις ὅτι βασιλεύς εἰμι.

ἐγὼ εἰς τοῦτο γεγέννημαι* καὶ εἰς τοῦτο ἐλήλυθα*                                  [=ἐγενόμην...ἦλθον]

 εἰς τὸν κόσμον, ἵνα μαρτυρήσω* τῇ ἀληθείᾳ· . .                           [=ὡς μαρτυρήσων, 'to bear witness']

 λέγει αὐτῷ ὁ Πιλᾶτος, Τί ἐστιν ἀλήθεια;                                                                     

   38) Καὶ τοῦτο εἰπὼν πάλιν ἐξῆλθεν πρὸς τοὺς ᾿Ιουδαίους,

 καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς, ᾿Εγὼ οὐδεμίαν εὑρίσκω ἐν αὐτῷ  αἰτίαν.