Problems with pronouns?  Herodotos uses αὐτός in ways that are bound to be confusing—sometimes like Attic, sometimes not. You probably need to review Attic forms (Athenaze II. 288-92) and study the following examples:

 

Standard but unfamiliar forms for 3rd pl. ‘they/their/them’: where Attic might use αὐτῶν, αὐτοῖς, αὐτούς/αὐτάς, H will use (σφεῖς) σφέων, σφί(σι), σφέας.

And similarly, where Attic might use singular dative, αὐτῷ/αὐτῇ, H will use οἱ (enclitic)

and for acc. αὐτόν/αὐτήν, H will often use μιν (or ).

That means that usually when H uses some form of αὐτός/αὐτή it means something other than ‘he/she...him/her’

The most important uses are (1) as the intensive pronoun, αὐτός = -self.

This can reinforce any person in the sentence: τὸν βασιλέα αὐτόν,  the king himself

This is combined in ἐμ-αυτοῦ, -, -ον (and fem. –ης, , -ην), my-self, -

σε-αυτοῦ, -, -ον =your-self, - αυτοῦ, -, -ον = him-self (with fem. forms, of course).

 

The first example (p.54, 1-3) illustrates this: the αὐτόν is intensive, reinforcing the σε  that follows it (and loses its accent to it): ‘either (you) kill Candaules and have/possess me and the kingdom of the Lydians, or you yourself must die at once

γὰρ Κανδαύλεα ἀποκτείνας ἐμέ τε καὶ τὴν βασιληίην ἔχε τὴν Λυδῶν,

αὐτόν σε αὐτίκα οὕτω ἀποθνήισκειν δεῖ ...

 

In the same passage we have an illustration of that Ionic ‘him/her’, μιν, and it introduces an ambiguity: ἱκέτευε μή μιν ἀναγκαίῃ ἐνδέειν διακρῖναι...

The μιν could be either ‘him’ or ‘her’, but best taken as the object of ἐνδέειν and subject of διακρῖναι: ‘he beseeched (her) not to bind him with the necessity to choose’.

 

Again (beginning line 19), καί μιν ἐκείνη ἐγχειρίδιον δοῦσα κατακρύπτει ὑπὸ τὴν αὐτὴν θύρην,

shows the use of μιν as him (‘having given a knife, she hid him...’). And it also illustrates the other important use of αὐτός: whenever it comes between the article and its noun,  it means ‘the same’ or ‘the very’ one mentioned early. So here, ‘she hid him behind the same door’, the very one he hid behind before.

 

Notice also οἱ as dative of possession:

p. 55, 6, οὐκ ολίγα, ἀλλὅσα μὲν ἀργυρίου ἀναθήματα, ἔστι οἱ πλεῖστα

lit. ‘not few, but as many as (there are) offerings of silver, there are to him (οἱ = he has) the most ..’