ἄλλος τε καὶ = especially, notably
(ex. ἄλλοι τε σοφισταὶ καὶ ὁ Σόλων = ‘other sophists and (most) notably Solon’
καλός τε κἀγαθός (< καὶ ἀγαθός) = lit. ‘fine and good’
οἷός τε ἐστι + infinitive = be able (lit. ‘is such as to’)
λόγῳ (μὲν) ... ἔργῳ (δὲ) = ‘in talk ... (but) in fact’ emphasizing contrast between words and actions.
Essential vocab:
ἀκόντια = javelins ~ spears
ἁμαρτάνω, ἁμαρτήσομαι, ἥμαρτον = miss (+ gen.), be mistaken
ἐμ-πίπτω, -πεσοῦμαι, ἐνέπεσον = fall on
ἐξ-ελα-ύν-ω, -ελῶ, -ήλασα, ‘drive out’ (Herodotos uses –ελάω)
ἐπ-ίστημι = stand over (cf. ἀν-ίσταμαι = get up)
ἕλκω = pull, draw, drag
(κατα-) σφάζω = slaughter
ὄλλυμι, ὀλῶ, ὤλεσα, ὠλόμην =destroy (active) / perish (mid-passive)
χράομαι + dat. = use
παρα-γίγνομαι and πάρ-ειμι = be present ~ ἥκω, ‘(have) arrive(d)’