1.Texts Required:
a. V. Matthews & J. Moyer,
The Old Testament: Text and Context (2nd edition; Hendrickson,
2005)
b. V. Matthews & D. Benjamin, Old
Testament Parallels (3rd edition; Paulist, 2006)
c. H.T. Frank, Hammond Atlas of the Bible
Lands



d. Any one of the modern
translations of the Bible--preferably the New Revised Standard Version, New
Jewish Publication Society Version, or New International Version. Do not use
the King James Version. Although it is a beautiful literary translation, it
is hard to understand for most modern students and is outdated. I will use
the NRSV in class. An on-line version of the
NRSV translation is available
at:
http://rosetta.reltech.org/ECanon/ECanon.html
On-line concordances featuring
several other biblical translations can be found at:
http://bible.gospelcom.net
and http://bible.crosswalk.com/
Basic index to Biblical Studies Terms:
http://www.wfu.edu/~horton/r102/ho1.html
I encourage
students to click on the various web links that I have established
throughout this syllabus to obtain additional information.
A directory to
on-line resources for biblical studies can be found in my website at:
http://courses.missouristate.edu/vhm970f/favorite.htm
The Old Testament: Text and Context
will be used as a supplement
to lectures. Students will benefit by using this newly
revised volume to increase their
understanding of both the biblical material and the lectures. Old
Testament Parallels contains translations of ancient Near Eastern texts
that will be used in class discussion comparing them with biblical stories
and laws. The Hammond Atlas of the Bible Lands
contains a set of maps I will be using on transparencies in class and
provides a good visual perspective
on the lands discussed in the course
lectures.
2. Course
Description: This
course is a part of the
General
Education curriculum in the area of Culture and Society/Humanities. The
goals of the General Education program are found at:
http://www.missouristate.edu/GeneralEducation/Goals%20_GenEd.htm.
REL 101 is an introduction or survey of the literature of the Old
Testament/Hebrew Bible. As a way of further illuminating these materials,
attention will also be given to the history and religion of Israel as
well as the other peoples of the ancient Near East. Its application to the Public Affairs Mission
of the University can be found in its efforts to educate students about the
past so that they can build upon this heritage in making informed decisions
about their own culture and the future direction of society. Student input
is welcomed as a partial guide to material covered.
3.
Classroom routine: Since this is a course
introducing the Biblical materials, the presentation in class will be for
beginners. The Biblical text will be carefully followed to determine and
explain what the authors are saying. This will involve a lecture/ discussion
format and occasional use of audio-visual materials. I will be
constantly asking questions of students to emphasize points and
determine mastery of the material.
I
welcome student questions
and expect that the number of these questions will increase as the
semester progresses.
4. Religious Studies Courses in
a State University: The U.S. Supreme Court
(Abington v. Schempp) in 1963 encouraged the objective study of religion and
the Bible. This is why we teach an introductory course to the Old
Testament/Hebrew Bible at Missouri State. However, the approach here is different from
that taken in a religious group. We will concentrate on reconstructing what the text
originally meant to its ancient audience in the light of its ancient Near Eastern setting rather
than on what the text means for us today. You do not have to have a faith
commitment in this course, nor will you be asked to abandon your faith. My
purpose is to increase your knowledge and understanding of the Old
Testament/ Hebrew Bible, and to help you think carefully and in new ways
about what it originally meant.
You will earn a good grade in this class the
same way you do in other courses, not by being more religious.
5.
Purposes:
a. Provide students with a basic
understanding of the OT/HB and of ancient Israel that will serve as the
foundation for future study.
b. Provide the student with a basic
knowledge of the history of the biblical periods, noting the relationship
between Israel and the other nations of the ancient Near East.
c. Provide students with a basic
knowledge of the physical environment and geographical features of the
ancient Near East.
d. Give students an understanding of
the principal beliefs of the OT/HB people about God and humankind.
e. Present to students for their use
the tools and approaches that scholars use to study the OT/HB.
f. Prepare students to deal openly and
intelligently with the text of the OT/HB, neither minimizing nor
over-emphasizing the very real historical and theological difficulties that
they will encounter.
g. Demonstrate to students that the study of
religions in a state university setting is a natural part of a humanities
curriculum and of the university's Public Affairs mission.
h. Help students to take seriously,
state accurately, and evaluate thoughtfully positions other than their own.
6.
Attendance:
Statistical analysis has shown that regular attendance is the
key to good grades. It is expected that all students will be present except
for emergencies.
7. Class
Participation: A
significant portion of your grade (100 points) is dependent upon class
participation. I will assign this grade at the end of the course. It will
be based on attendance, ability to answer questions during regular and
scheduled class discussions, in-class assignments, willingness to ask
questions and seek help (both in and out of class), and general improvement
in class discussion over the course of the semester.
8.
Inclusive Language: In line with current
style guides, I will be using inclusive language. This means that I will use
language that includes women whenever possible. Instead of "man" I will use
"human beings." Instead of "he" I will use "he or she," etc. I urge you to
follow my lead both orally and in written form.
9. Exams:
There will be three exams and a final. They will
consist of essays, short identifications, and map questions. These exams
will be given approximately at the 4th, 8th, & 12th week of the course. The
final will cover both newly discussed material and a comprehensive essay.
Before each exam I will provide students with a study guide. Please bring a
blue book and a pen on each exam day.
10.
Make-Up Exams: Make-up exams (though usually
more difficult than regular tests) will be permitted only
for those students with LEGITIMATE explained absences. Students should
strive to notify me in advance if they know they will have
to be gone on a scheduled exam day.
11.
Written Assignment:
Each student is required to do the following:
You are to read
three articles dealing with either
archaeology or aspects of the history or culture of the world of the Old
Testament/Hebrew Bible from journals that may be obtained in the Meyer
Library.
You are then to write a short (2 pages) summary of each article's
contents and a one page personal analysis of:
(1) the author's thesis and how well it was explained (be specific)
(2) the degree of difficulty you had in reading
it (too much jargon? give examples)
(3) what you found particularly
interesting and would like to know more about (be specific!)
(4) ways in which it could be improved or made more
understandable (be specific)
(5) value of visual and explanatory aids (describe them and make suggests
for more)
(6) the ways
in which the article has aided your fuller understanding of the OT/HB (be
specific).
I recommend the following popularly written
journals:
Biblical Archaeologist (renamed Near
Eastern Archaeology) -- BS620. A1 B5
Biblical Archaeology Review -- BS620. A1 B52
Bible Review -- BS410. B58
The Bible Today -- BS600.2 B53
Biblical Archaeologist/Near Eastern
Archaeology is available ON-LINE, WITH FULL TEXT, through EBSCO-HOST (http://library.missouristate.edu).
Choose specific items
in each article upon which to base your analysis. Include:
(1) the author
(2) title of the article
(3) title of journal
(4) issue number and year of publication
(6) page numbers.
The first of
these analyses (worth 25 points each) is due
September 17, 2007. The second is due on
October 8, 2007 and the third is due on
November 12, 2007. A two point per
class day penalty will be imposed on
each paper submitted after the date it is due.
Each of you will become the “expert” on
the topics covered in your article reviews and
you will be called
on
periodically in class to provide information that will further enhance the
classes’ understanding of this material.
12.
Cheating:
Any student participating in any form of
academic dishonesty will be subject to sanctions as described in the
Student Academic Integrity Policies and Procedures (http://www.missouristate.edu/registrar/acintegrity.html)
also at the Reserve Desk in Meyer Library.
Cheating and plagiarism, as defined in the
Missouri State Student Judicial Code will not be tolerated in this course. Those
who plagiarize the work of others will either be subject to a penalty of one
letter grade on their written assignment or the imposition of an additional
written assignment.
I would also direct you to the university
statement of community principles.
13.
Assessment: Students'
command of the materials presented in this course will be assessed through
written exams, written assignments, journal article critiques, class discussion,
in-class oral presentations, and the ability to answer the instructor's
questions during class. These methods of assessment will help gauge the
effectiveness of presentation by the instructor as well as help demonstrate
the usefulness of
this course as a part of the General Education curriculum.
Students will also be given the opportunity to assess the course as a whole
using both a standardized, college-wide questionnaire and an Honors College
assessment instrument.
14.
Grading: The final
grade will be computed as follows:
Exams I, II, & III- 225
points (75 points each)
Final Exam-- 100 points
Article Analyses-- 75 points (25 points each)
Class Participation-- 100 points
Total possible = 500
The grading scale for
the final grade will be based on the scale: A = 90-100; B = 80-89;
C = 70-79; D = 60-69; F = Below 60
Borderline grades
will be determined by such
factors as attendance, the final exam, completion of work on time, evidence
of hard work and a willingness to seek help, and general contribution to
class discussions.
If you
stop attending this class but do not follow proper procedure for dropping
the
class, you will receive
a failing grade and will also be financially
obligated. To drop a class anytime after the first week, see
http://www.missouristate.edu/registrar/chnsched.html). You do
not need to obtain
any signatures
on
the
drop slip.
15.
Disability Accommodation:
To request accommodations for disability,
students must contact Disability Services (http://www.missouristate.edu/disability),
Plaster Student Union Suite 405, (417) 836-4192; TTY (417) 836-6792.
Students must provide documentation of disability to Disability Services
prior
to receiving accommodations. DS refers some
types of accommodation requests to the Learning Diagnostic Clinic (LDC). The
LDC also provides diagnostic testing, for which a fee is charged.
16. Discrimination Policy:
Missouri State is an equal opportunity employer/affirmative action
institution, and maintains a grievance procedure incorporating due process
available to any person who believes he or she has been discriminated
against. At all times, it is your right to address inquiries and concerns
about possible discrimination to Jana Estergard,
Equity and
Diversity
Officer, Siceluff Hall 296 (417-836-4252). Concerns
about discrimination can also be brought directly to your instructor's
attention, and to the attention of your instructor's department head.
The Missouri State statement of non-discrimination can be found at
http://www.missouristate.edu/eoaa.htm.
17.
Office Hours: Students should feel free to
consult with me about the course and their work. My office is
STRO 215 (inside the Dean's Suite in STRO 207) and I
will be there MWF 9:00-9:50 and 1:00-1:50 TR. If you can not meet with me during these
times, see me after class and I will arrange a mutually convenient time for
us to get together. The Associate Dean's office phone is 836-5529 and the
secretary can make an appointment for me. I can also be contacted by e-mail
at:
VictorMatthews@missouristate.edu
18. Cell Phone Use: As a member
of the learning community, each student has a responsibility to other
students who are members of the community. When cell phones or pagers
ring and students respond in class or leave class to respond, it disrupts
the class. Therefore, the Office of Provost prohibits the use by
students of cell phones, pagers, or similar communication devices during
scheduled classes. All such devices must be turned off or put in a silent
mode and cannot be taken out during class. At the discretion
of the
instructor, exception to this policy is possible in special
circumstances. Sanctions for violation of this policy are determined by the
instructor and may include dismissal from the class – see Class Disruption
(http://www.missouristate.edu/recreg/classdis.html).
In testing situations, use of cell phones or similar communication devices
may lead also to a charge of academic dishonesty and additional sanctions
under the Student Academic Integrity Policies and Procedures (http://www.missouristate.edu/registrar/acintegrity.html). There
are two appeal processes available to students. A sanction for class
disruption may be appealed using the appeal process stated in the Class
Disruption policy; however, a violation that involves a charge of academic
dishonesty must be appealed using the process described in the Student
Academic Integrity Policies and Procedures. Students have the right to
continue attending class while an appeal is in progress.
TENTATIVE
SCHEDULE -- RELIGION 101
Textbooks will be referred to below in
abbreviated form (OTC
and OTP). Reading should be completed as assigned before
class. You are responsible for all reading assignments and you will be
questioned about the material they contain in class discussion or asked to
do free writing assignments about them. I will provide you with study questions after
each class period that will form part of our discussion during the next
class. Plan to spend at least four to six
hours per week in preparation
for this class.
Section One:
Introduction to the class. Syllabus, assignments, and grading.
Discussion of tools for biblical study. OTC, 1-10.
Physical Environment of the Ancient Near East. Discussion of the
major geographical features of the
ancient Near East & their influence on cultural development.
Read OTC, 31-43.
Bible Maps can be found at:
http://www.keyway.ca/htm2002/keyway07.htm

Archaeology. Discussion of the
methods, values and
limitations of archaeology for biblical research and field
school
opportunities. Read OTC, 10-18. For a comparison with
New World Archaeology and its methods (see
http://bama.ua.edu/~alaarch/Methods/index.dwt).
Qumran Storage Jars
Oral Tradition and Canon.
Writing Systems,
textual analysis,
Dead Sea Scrolls,
development of the canon,
and methods for studying the Bible. Class
Discussion: the
authorship of the Pentateuch. Read OTC, 19-31 and
write
answers to questions on “Authorship
of the Pentateuch” (Handout).
Social Scientific Criticism.
Creation Stories and the differences between Polytheism and Monotheism.
Read OTC,
45-50;
OTP, "The Enuma Elish Stories," 11-20 & "The Hymn to Ptah," 3-6, "Stories
of Adapa,"
43-46; Gen 1-4.
The
Flood Story. Read Gen 6-9; OTC, 50-52; OTP,
"Stories of Gilgamesh," 21-32 and
"Stories of Atrahasis,"
33-42.
The
Ancestors: Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Read Gen 12, 16-19, 21-34 and
OTC, 53-59; OTP, "Nuzi
Archives," 47-53.
Joseph, Goshen, and Slavery. Read Gen 37-45; OTC, 59-60; OTP,
"Stories of Anubis & Bata," 65-69.
Moses and the Exodus Event. Read Exodus 1-5, 10-14, 19-20, 24, 32-34;
OTC, 62-68; OTP,
"Annals of
Dedumoses,"
54-56; "Annals of Kamose," 57-58; "Sargon of Agade," 89-90.
EXAM #1:
Genesis and Exodus (75 points)
Section Two:
Sinai, Wilderness, Law. Read Ex 21-22; Num 13, 16, 20, 22-24; Deut
21-22, 34; OTC, 68-72; OTP, "Code of Hammurabi," 105-114,
and "Stories of Balaam," 131-133.
Joshua and the Conquest. Read Joshua 1-11, 24; OTC,
73-86; OTP, "The El Amarna
Letters," 146-150
and "Annals of Merneptah," 97-98.
Discussion session:
Canaanite
Culture and the Role of the Judges.
Read Judges 1-6, 9, 11-21; OTP,
"Stories of Aqhat,"
70-79;
"Gezer Almanac," 155-156; OTC, 87-98. Prepare your
answers for class discussion
based on the set of questions in OTC,
98-99.
(Philistine
headdress)
Early Monarchic Period: Samuel & Saul. Read OTC,
101-106; OTP,
"Annals of Tiglath-Pileser I," 165-166,
"Stories of Wen-Amon,"
347-354, & 1 Sam 1-15.
Early Career of David. Read 1 Sam 16-19, 21-22, 24-28, & 31 and
OTC, 107-110.
The
United Monarchy of David. Read 2 Sam 1-7, 11-17, 20, 24; OTC,
111-117; OTP,
"Karatepe Annals
of Azitiwada," 172-175.
Solomon's Rule. Read 1 Kgs 1-5, 8, 11. Read OTC,
117-119.
EXAM #2:
Conquest to Solomon's Kingdom. (75 points)
Section Three:
(see
http://www.kchanson.com/CHRON/isrkings.html for a basic chronology of
the
kings of Israel and Judah)
Division of the Kingdom. Read OTC, 120-123; 1 Kgs
12-14, 16.
<Hazor
excavations>
Characteristics of prophets. Read OTC, 123-131;
OTP, "Mari Letters," 341-346. In class discussion of the role
of
prophets (see summary, OTC, pp. 132-133).
Elijah, Elisha, and Conflict between Kings and Prophets. Read
OTC, 133-141; 1 Kings
17-19, 21-22;
2 Kgs 1-5, 8-9; OTP, "Annals of Mesha,"
167-169; "Annals of Shalmaneser III,"
176-181; "Annals of
Tiglath-Pileser III," 182-184;
"Tell Dan Annals of
Hazael," 170-171.
Overview of the History of the Late Monarchy. Read OTC, 143-150.
Amos and Israelite Society. Read OTC, 150-154;
OTP, "Yavne-Yam Letter," 355-356; and
Amos 1-5, 7. Rewrite Amos 5:21-24 in modern language, with modern issues.
Hosea and the Fall of Israel. Read OTC, 155-159; Hosea 1-4, 6,
11; 2 Kgs 17; OTP, "Annals
of Sargon II," 185-189.
Isaiah of Jerusalem. Read 2 Kgs 15-18; Isa 5-11, 20, 36-37; Micah 1, 3,
6; OTC, 159-174;
OTP, "Siloam Annals," 193-194, "Annals of Sennacherib," 190-192.
Deuteronomic Reform. Read 2 Kgs 22-23; Deut 12-14; OTC, 148-150.
Jeremiah and the Last Days of Judah. Read OTC, 184-196; OTP,
"Lachish Letters,"
201-203; "Annals of Nebuchadnezzar," 195-197; 2 Kgs 24; Jeremiah 1, 5, 7,
13, 16, 18-19, 21,
26, 28-29, 32, 36.
EXAM #3: Late Monarchy Period
(75 points)
Section Four:
Ezekiel and Babylonian Exile. Read OTC, 199-208; OTP,
"Laments for Ur,"
247-255; Psalm
137;
Ezekiel 1-5, 8-9, 14, 16, 18, 34, 36-37; 2 Kings 25.
Second Isaiah and the Promise of Return. Read OTC, 212-218;
OTP, "Decree of Cyrus,"
207-209;
Isaiah 40-45, 49-53.
Jewish Identity Movement and the Return from Exile. Read Haggai 1-2;
Zech 1-4; Isaiah
58-60;
OTC, 219-228.
Post-Exilic Yehud. Read OTC, 262-266.
In
preparation for our discussion of the Restoration and Reconstruction Period,
read and the
books of Ezra and Nehemiah in the following sequence:
1.
Ezra 1, 2:1-70 6. Neh 1:1-7:5
2. Neh 7:6-73a 7. Neh 11-13
3. Ezra 3:1-4:6 8. Neh 9:38-10:39
4. Ezra 4:24-6:22 9. Ezra 7-10
5. Ezra 4:7-23 10. Neh 8:1-9:37
The
Psalter. Read Psalm 1, 8, 18, 22, 23, 51, 91, 95, 104, 115, 122, 145,
148; OTC, 251-255; OTP,
"Hymn to
the Aton,"
275-279.
Wisdom Literature. Read Eccl 1-5; Prov 22-24, 31; OTC, 236-243;
OTP, "Teachings of Ptah-Hotep," 283-288
and "Teachings of Ahiqar,"
303-309.
Class Discussion: Job. Read Job 1-12, 31, 38-42;
OTC, 244-250; OTP, "A Sufferer and a
Friend in Babylon,"
239-244. Prepare answers to the questions in OTC, p. 250 for use in our
class discussion.
Judaism and the World. Read the entire books of Ruth, Jonah, and Esther;
OTC, 232-236,
267-276;
OTP, "Elephantine
Letters," 210-215.
Daniel and the Hellenistic Period: Read OTC, 277-294; Dan 1-7,
12; OTP, "Visions of
Neferti," 335-340.
FINAL EXAM:
Covering the last section of the course and a Comprehensive essay question.
No Exemptions. (100 points)
Final Exam:
8:45--10:45 a.m., Wednesday, December 12, 2007
in STRO 350.
This schedule is not carved in granite. There
will undoubtedly be some
departures from it -- especially if the class
chooses to spend more time on a particular subject. Please come
see
me if you are having trouble with any
of this material.
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