Idaho

Idaho

Aiken, Katherine G., "'It May Be Too Soon to Crow': Bunker Hill and Sullivan Company Efforts to Defeat the Miners' Union, 1890-1900." Western Historical Quarterly 1993 24(3): 308-331. The Bunker Hill and Sullivan Mining Company used its economic clout to coerce community leaders into cooperation and allied with state officials to counteract the union's successful Populist politics. Deadly violence, the imposition of martial law, a federal investigation, and the establishment of a suffocating company union ensued, resulting in a legacy of bitterness was to permeate early-20th-century management-labor relations. America: History and Life, 32:4603

Bennion, Sherilyn Cox. "Ada Chase Merritt and the Recorder: A Pioneer Idaho Editor and Her Newspaper." Idaho Yesterdays 1982 25(4): 22-30. Ada Chase Merritt edited the Salmon City Idaho Recorder from 1888 to 1906. The paper first supported the Democrats, then the Populists, then the free silver proponents. American History and Life, 20A:3127

Cox, Elizabeth M. "Women Will Have a Hand in Such Matters From Now On": Idaho's First Women Lawmakers." Idaho Yesterdays 1994 38(3): 2-9. Two years after Idaho enfranchised women in 1896, three women were elected to the Idaho legislature: Populist Mary A. Wright, Democrat Harriet F. Noble, and Republican Clara L. Campbell. All three women proved adept and skillful as legislators, making significant contributions to the fifth Idaho legislature. None ran for a second term. America: History and Life, 33:6444

Gaboury, William Joseph. "The Beginning of the Populist Party in Idaho." M.A, thesis, University of Idaho, 1960.

_____. "Boodle and Blunder: The Election of Henry Heitfield to the U.S.Senate." Idaho Yesterdays 13(3):6-17. 1969. Democratic-Populist fusion sends Democrat Henry Heitfeld to the US Senate in 1897. America: History and Life, 14A:2778

_____. Dissension in the Rockies: A History of Idaho Populism. 455 p. New York: Garland Publishing Co., 1987. A reprint of Gaboury's Ph.D. dissertation, U of Idaho, 1966. DAI, 27:3810‑A. Populists were underprivileged "have‑not" farmers and laborers.

_____. "From State House to Bull Pen: Idaho Populism and the Coeur d'Alene Troubles of the 1890s." Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 58(1):14‑22. January 1967. Only three years after Idaho was admitted to the Union as a State, the nationwide economic depression of 1893 wrought havoc in this new State so dependent on mining, cattle raising, and agriculture. Discusses the activities of mining industries, labor unions, and Populist Party, with particular attention to hard times. America: History and Life, 6:2940

_____. "The Stubborn Defense: Idaho's Losing Fight for Free Silver." Idaho Yesterdays. 5(1):2-10. Winter 1961-1962.

Graff, Leo W., Jr. "Fred T. DuBois and the Silver Issue, 1896." Pacific Northwest Quarterly 1962 53(4): 138-144. Description of the 1896 election campaign in Idaho, with free coinage of silver as the principal issue. America: History and Life, 0:5310

Johnson, Claudius O. "The Story of Silver Politics in Idaho, 1892‑1902." Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 33:283‑96. July 1942. Democratic‑Populists‑Silver Republican fusion wins Idaho for Bryan.

White, William Thomas. "A History of Railroad Workers in the Pacific Northwest, 1883-1934." Ph.D. dissertation, University of Washington, 1981. DAI, 42, no. 12A, (1981): 5224. In the 1890s, the Gilded Age pattern of community support for insurgent workers achieved its most dramatic expression in the Coxeyite Movement, the Great Northern Strike, and the Pullman Strike of 1894, during which the region's Populist, anti-railroad mood supported militant action by unemployed railway workers and those belonging to the American Railway Union.