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Home | Gaither,
Gerald H. "The Negro Alliance Movement in Tennessee, 1888-1891."
West Tennessee Historical Society Papers 1973 (27): 50-62.
Paternalism and self-interest exhibited by white Alliancemen
indicates that black participation was welcomed only so long as white
economic well-being was not threatened. Hart,
Roger L. Redeemers, Bourbons and Populists: Tennessee, 1870-1896.
290 p. Baton Bouge: LSU P, 1975. Derived
from Hart's dissertation, "Bourbonism and Populism in Tennessee, 1880-1897."
445 p. Princeton U, 1970. Dissertation Abstracts, 31:4087‑A.
Redeemers were not simply Whig-industrialists favoring banks,
railroads, and factories. They
won power as beneficiaries of negative attitudes about the past.
Bourbons were even more backward-looking defenders of traditional
society, using Jeffersonian and Confederate rhetoric.
Their anti-Yankee emphasis caused them to sometimes oppose
railroads and corporations. Populists
shared Bourbon attitudes, but also were suspicious of Tennessee's
traditional governing class. Populists
did not differ on values or programs from Bourbons, but from rural
resentment against urban influence and "frustrated expectations of
upward social mobility." They
wanted revenge and recognition, not reform.
Tennessee politics in this era was characterized by irrationality,
paranoia, and conspiracy-mindedness.
All white elements were racist.
Politicians blurred issues by sectional and racial appeals. Consistent with Richard Hofstadter's status-anxiety
interpretation of Populism. Lester,
Connie L. "'Let Us Be Up and Doing': Women in the Tennessee Movements
for Agrarian Reform, 1870-1892." Tennessee Historical Quarterly
1995 54(2): 80-97. In their
participation in the Grange and Farmers' Alliance, Tennessee farm women
never challenged traditional sex roles.
They simply joined their husbands in "the struggle against the
trusts and monopolies." Lester,
Connie Lee. "Grassroots Reform in the Age of New South Agriculture
and Bourbon Democracy: The Agricultural Wheel, The Farmers' Alliance, and
the People's Party in Tennessee, 1884-1892." Ph.D. dissertation,
University of Tennessee, 1998. DAI,
59, no. 08A, (1998): 3171. The
agrarian movement in Tennessee attracted landowning farmers.
The Agricultural Wheel and Farmers Alliance developed cooperative
agencies, educational programs, and political activism that both
questioned and threatened New South industrialism and the political
control of the Bourbon planter elite.
Moore,
James Tice. "Agrarianism and Populism in Tennessee, 1886-1896: An
Interpretative Overview." Tennessee Historical Quarterly 1983
42(1): 76-94. The relatively
prosperous condition of Tennessee's agriculture limited that state's
agrarian revolt. Farmers enjoyed political preeminence during the 1890-92
gubernatorial administration of John Price Buchanan, but they did little
to inhibit corporate influence or promote the radical program of the
Southern Farmers' Alliance. Instead,
they promoted governmental economy, raised racial barriers, and reinforced
the convict-lease system. Robison,
Daniel Merritt. Bob Taylor and the Agrarian Revolt in Tennessee.
238 p. Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina P, 1935.
A study of the relationship between the election of Robert L.
Taylor as governor of Tennessee in 1886, and the agrarian revolt which
swept the country during the eighties and nineties . . . culminating in
the Populist movement and Bryan campaign of 1896."
______.
"Tennessee Politics and the Agrarian Revolt, 1886-1896." Mississippi
Valley Historical Review. 20(3):365-380. December 1933.
The Alliance attempted to take over the Democratic Party. Shahan,
Joe Michael. "The Limits of Agrarian Protest: The Tennessee Alliance
Movement, 1888-92." Master's thesis, Vanderbilt University, 1973. 103
pp.
Sharp,
James A. "Farmers' Alliance and Tennessee Politics, 1890-1892." _____.
"The Entrance of the Farmers' Alliance into Tennessee Politics."
East Tennessee Historical Society Publications. 9:77-92.
Tennessee Alliance, election of Democrat John P. Buchanan as
governor in 1890, and Alliance influence in 1891 legislature.
_____.
"The Farmers' Alliance and the People's Party in Tennessee." East
Tennessee Historical Society Publications. 10:91-113. 1938.
The 1892 election, disruption of the Alliance, Republican-Populist
fusion, and Bourbon Democratic victory.
Westphal,
Corinne. "The Farmers' Alliance in Tennessee." M.A. thesis,
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