R	HST 121: History of the United States to 1877

Federalist, Republican, and Democratic Eras

Compare the Federalist, Republican, and Democratic Eras

Federalist Era

I. Leadership

A. Federalist Party founder: Alexander Hamilton

B. Elitist

C. Planning policy

1. National

2. British "Prime Minister" model

II. Economic Policy

A. Bank of the United States

B. National Debt

C. Central Government Revenue

1. Customs Duties

2. Internal Taxes

3. Land Sales

D. Government role in the economy

1. Favored national mercantilism

2. Except favored trade with Britain

III. Indian Policy

A. War--Battle of Fallen Timbers

B. Treaty line: Greenville Treaty

IV. Foreign Policy

A. Against expansion

--But opened current territory: Pinckney Treaty

B. Relations with Britain

1. Resuming full trade

2. Jay Treaty

Republican Era

I.  Leadership

A. Republican Party founder: James Madison

B. "Gentleman" style

C. Planning policy

1. Diversity/states

2. Congress

II. Economic Policy

A. Banking

1. State banks

2. Mixed support of BUS

B. Lowers national debt

C. Central Government Revenue

1. Customs Duties

2. Phases out Internal Taxes

3. Land Sales

D. Government role in the economy

1. Federal and foreign commerce: capitalism

2. State mercantilism

III. Indian Policy

A. Welcoming Indians into the American nation

B. Indian "treaties"

C. Expansion into Indian territory

D. War

1. Tecumseh

2. Creeks

IV. Foreign Policy

A. Favored expansion

1. Jefferson: Louisiana Purchase

2. Madison: West Florida

3. James Monroe: Florida

B. Relations with Britain

1. Embargo

2. War of 1812

Democratic Era

I. Leadership

A. Democratic Party founder: Andrew Jackson

B. Democratic/demagogic

C. Planning policy

1. Diversity/states

2. Mostly Congress

II. Economic Policy

A. Banking

1. State banks

2. Bank War--ends BUS

B. Lowers and temporarily ends the national debt

C. Central Government Revenue

1. Customs Duties

2. No Internal Taxes

3. Phases out Land Sales

D. Government role in the economy

1. Federal and foreign commerce: capitalism

2. State mercantilism

III. Indian Policy: Removal

IV. Foreign Policy

--expansion

A. Texas

B. Polk: Oregon

C. Polk: Mexican War and Mexican Cession