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Victor H. Matthews (VictorMatthews@missouristate.edu)

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Last Updated: 4-27-08

ABBREVIATIONS

Abusch, T., "Ghost and God: Some Observations on a Babylonian Understanding of Human Nature,"
    in A.I. Baumgarten, et al, eds. Self, Soul and Body in Religious Experience. Leiden: Brill,
    1998: 363-83.

_____, "Some Reflections on Mesopotamian Witchcraft," in A. Berlin, ed. Religion and Politics in
    the Ancient Near East
. Bethesda: U. of Maryland, 1996:21-33.

_____, "Gilgamesh's Request and Siduri's Denial. Part I: The Meaning of the Dialogue and Its Implications
    for the History of the Epic," in M.E. Cohen, et al, eds. The Tablet and the Scroll. Bethesda, MD:
    CDL Press, 1993a:1-14.

_____, "Gilgamesh’s Request and Siduri’s Denial. Part II: An Analysis and Interpretation of an Old
    Babylonian Fragment about Mourning and Celebration," JANES 22 (1993b), 3-17.

_____,"The demonic image of the witch in standard Babylonian literature: the reworking of popular
    conceptions by learned exorcists, In Religion, science, and magic, 1989:27-58.

_____. Babylonian Witchcraft and Literature. Atlanta: Scholars, 1987.

_____, "Ishtar's Proposal and Gilgamesh's Refusal," HR 26 (1986), 143-87.

_____, "Mesopotamian Anti-Witchcraft Literature: Texts and Studies. Part I: The Nature of Maqlu: Its
    Character, Divisions, and Calendrical Setting," JNES 33 (1974), 251-62.

Alster, B., "Inanna Repenting: The Conclusion of Inanna's Descent," Acta Sumerologica 18 (1996),
    1-18.

_____, "Marriage and Love in the Sumerian Love Songs," in M. Cohen, et al, eds. The Tablet and the
    Scroll
. Bethesda, MD: CDL Press, 1993: 15-27.

_____, "The Mythology of Mourning," Acta Sumerologica 5 (1983), 1-16.

_____, "Dumuzi's Dream," Mesopotamia, I. Copenhagen, 1974.

Anbar, M., "Three New Letters from Mari Concerning the Bride-Price (TERHATUM)," Beit Mikra
   
159 (1999), 396-98 (Hebrew).

Asher-Greve, J.M., "The Essential Body: Mesopotamian Conceptions of the Gendered Body," in M.
    Wyke, ed. Gender and the Body in the Ancient Mediterranean. Oxford: Blackwells, 1998:
    8-37.

_____, "Feminist Research and Ancient Mesopotamia: Problems and Prospects," FCRB
   
(1997), 218-237.

_____. Frauen in altsumerischer Zeit. Bibliotheca Mesopotamica 18; Malibu, CA: Undena, 1985.

Bachofen, J.J. Mutterrecht und Urreligion: Eine Auswahl. Stuttgart, 1941.

Bahrani, Z. Women of Babylon: Gender and Representation in Mesopotamia. London: Routledge, 2001.

Bailey, J.A., "Male, Female and the Pursuit of Immortality in the Gilgamesh Epic," La Parola del
    Passato
17 (1976), 433-57.

_____, "Initiation and the Primal Woman in Gilgamesh and Genesis 2-3," JBL 89 (1970), 137-49.

Baines, J., "Egyptian Myth and Discourse: Myth, Gods, and the Early Written and Iconographic
    Record," JNES 50 (1991), 81-105.

Barrelet, M.-T. Figurines et reliefs en terre cuite de la Mésopotamie antique. Paris: Librairie
    Orientaliste Paul Geuthner, 1968.

_____, "Les Déesses armées et ailées," Syria 32 (1955), 222-60.

Barstow, A., "The Uses of Archaeology for Women's History: James Mellaart's Work on the Neolithic
    Goddess at Catal Huyuk," Feminist Studies 4/3 (1978), 7-18.

Batto, B.F. Studies on Women at Mari. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1974.

Beard, M. and J. Henderson, "With this Body I Thee Worship: Sacred Prostitution in Antiquity," in M.
    Wyke, ed. Gender and the Body (1998), 56-79.

Beckman, G.M., "Goddess Worship--Ancient and Modern," in S.M. Olyan and R.C. Culley, eds. "A
    Wise and Discerning Mind."
Providence, RI: Brown Judaic Studies, 2000: 11-23.

_____, "Ishtar of Nineveh Reconsidered," JCS 50 (1998), 1-10.

_____, "From Cradle to Grave: Women's Role in Hittite Medicine and Magic," Journal of Ancient Civilizations
     8 (1993), 25-39.

_____. Hittite Birth Rituals. Weisbaden: Harrassowitz,1983.

Behrens, H. Enlil und Ninlil: Ein sumerischer Mythos aus Nippur. Studia Pohl 8: Rome:
    Biblical Institute Press, 1978.

Behrmann, A. Das Nilpferd in der Vorstellungswelt der alten Agypter. Frankfurt am Main and
    New York: P. Lang, 1989.

Ben-Barak, Z., "The Legal Status of the Daughter as Heir in Nuzi and Emar," in M. Heltzer and E.
    Lipinski, eds. Society and Economy in the Eastern Mediterranean, 1500-1000 B.C. Leuven:
    Peeters, 1988: 87-97.

Berlin, A. Enmerkar and Ensuhkesdanna. Philadelphia: The University Museum, 1979.

Biggs, R.D., "Conception, Contraception, and Abortion in Ancient Mesopotamia," in A.R. George and I.L.
     Finkel, eds. Wisdom, gods and Literature. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2000: 1-13.

_____, "A Woman's Plaint in an Old Assyrian Letter," WZKM 86 (1996), 47-52.

_____.. SA.ZI.GA: Ancient Mesopotamian Potency Incantations (Locust Valley: Augustin, 1967).

Binkley, R., "The Rhetoric of Origins and the Other: Reading the Ancient Figure of Enheduanna," in C.S.
    Lipson and R.A. Binkley, eds. Rhetoric Before and Beyond the Greeks. Albany, NY: SUNY Press,
    2004: 47-63.

Bin-Nun, S.R. The Tawananna in the Hittite Kingdom. Heidelberg: Carl Winter, 1975.

Birot, M., "Un recensement de femmes au royaume de Mari," Syria 35 (1958), 9-26.

Black, J. Reading Sumerian Poetry. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998.

Blanc, Y. Enquete sure la Mort de Gilgamesh. Paris: Editions du Felin, 1991.

Bleeker, C.J., "Isis and Hathor: Two Ancient Egyptian Goddesses," in C. Olson, ed. The Book of the
    Goddess Past and Present.
New York: Crossroad, 1983: 29-48.

_____. Hathor and Thoth. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1973.

Bonogofsky, M., "Including Women and Children: Neolithic Modeled Skulls from Jordan, Israel, Syria,
    and Turkey," NEA 67 (2004), 118-119.

Borghouts, J., "Monthu and Matrimonial Squabbles," Revue d'Égyptologie 33 (1981), 11-22.

Bottero, J. L'Epopee de Gilgamesh. Le grand homme qui ne voulait pas mourir. Paris:
    Gallimard, 1992a.

_____. Mesopotamia: Writing, Reasoning and the Gods. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1992b.

_____ and S.N. Kramer. Le mariage sacre. Paris: Berg, 1983.

_____ and H. Petschow, "Homosexualitat," RIA 4 (1975), 459-68.

Brinkman, J.A., "Masculine or Feminine? The Case of Conflicting Gender Determinatives for Middle Babylonian
    Personal Names," in Martha T. Roth, et al, eds. Studies Presented to Robert D. Biggs. Assyriological Studies,
    No. 27; Chicago: Oriental Institute, 2007: 1-10.

Brown, J.P., "The Mediterranean seer and shamanism," ZAW 93/3 (1981a), 374-400.

_____, "The Role of Women and the Treaty in the Ancient World," BZ 25/1 (1981b), 1-28.

Broze, M. Mythe et Roman en Egypte ancienne. Les aventures d'Horus et Seth dans le
    Papyrus Chester Beatty I
. Leuven: Uitgeverij Peeters, 1996.

Butler, S.A.L. Mesopotamian Conceptions of Dreams and Dream Rituals. Munster: Ugarit-
    Verlag, 1998.

Byrne, R., "Lie Back and Think of Judah: The Reproductive Politics of Pillar Figurines," NEA 67/3
    (2004), 137-51.

Cameron, A. and A. Kuhrt, eds. Images of Women in Antiquity. London: Croom Helm, 1983.

Capel, A. and G.E. Markoe, eds. Mistress of the House, Mistress of Heaven: Women in Ancient Egypt. New York:
    Hudson Hills Press, 1996.

Cazelles, H., "Consécration d'enfants et de femmes," in J.-M. Durand and J.-R. Kupper, eds. Miscellanea
    Babylonica: Mélanges offerts à Maurice Birot
. Paris, 1985: 45-49.

Cig, M. and S.N. Kramer,"The Ideal Mother: A Sumerian Portrait," Belleten 159 (1976), 413-21.

Civil, M., "Enlil and Ninlil: the Marriage of Sud," JAOS 103 (1983), 43-66.

Cohen, C., "The Widowed City," JANESCU 5 (1973), 75-81.

Collon, D., "Depictions of Priests and Priestesses in the Ancient Near East," in K. Watanabe, ed. Priests and Officials in the Ancient
    Near East
(Heidelberg: Universitatsverlag C. Winter, 1999), 17-46.

Cooper, J.S., "Gendered Sexuality in Sumerian Love Poetry," iin I.L. Finkel and M.J. Geller, eds.
    Sumerian Gods and Their Representations. Cuneiform Monographs 7; Groningen: Styx, 1997:
    85-97.

_____, "Magic and M(is)use: Poetic Promiscuity in Mesopotamian Ritual," in M.E. Vogelzang and H.
    Vanstiphout, eds. Mesopotamian Poetic Language: Sumerian and Akkadian. Styx Publications,
    1996: 47-53.

_____, "Sacred Marriage and Popular Cult in Early Mesopotamia," in E. Matsushima, ed. Official Cult
    and Popular Religion in the Ancient Near East
. Heidelberg: Universitatsverlag C. Winter,
    1993:81-96.

Cornelius, I., "A Preliminary Typology for the Female Plaque Figurines and Their Value for the Religion of
     Ancient Palestine and Jordan," JNSL 30 (2004), 21-39.

_____, "The Goddess Qedeshet in Syro-Palestinian Iconography," JNSL 25 (2, 1999), 241-55.

_____, "Anat and Qudshu as the 'Mistress of Animals'. Aspects of the Iconography of the
    Canaanite Goddesses," SEL 10 (1993), 21-45.

Cott, J. Isis and Osiris: Exploring the Goddess Myth. NY: Doubleday, 1994.

Cuq, E. Etudes sur le Droit Babylonien. Paris: Geuthner, 1929.

Dahood, M., "The Breakup of Stereotypes Phrases: Some New Examples," JANES 5 (1973), 83-89.

Dalley, S. Mari and Karana. London: Longman, 1984.

_____, "Old Babylonian Dowries," Iraq 42 (1980), 53-74.

Davey, L., "The Legacy of 'Anat: Some Links with the Biblical Tradition," in G.J. Brooke, et al, eds. Ugarit
     and the Bible
. Munster: Ugarit-Verlag, 1994: 25-34.

Day, P.L., "Anat: Ugarit's `Mistress of Animals,'" JNES 51 (1992),181-190.

_____, "Why is Anat a Warrior and Hunter?," in D. Jobling, et al, eds. The Bible and the Politics of
    Exegesis. Cleveland: Pilgrim, 1991:141-46.

Demsky, A., "The Name of the Goddess of Ekron: A New Reading," JANES 25 (1997), 1-5.

Devereux, G. Baubo, le vulve mythique. Paris: Jean-Cyrille Godefroy, 1983.

Diakonoff, I.M., "Extended Families in Old Babylonian Ur," ZA 75 (1985), 47-65.

_____, "The Structure of Near Eastern Society before the Middle of the 2nd Millennium B.C.,"
    Oikumene 3 (1982), 7-100.

_____, "The Rural Community in the Ancient Near East," JESHO 18 (1975), 121-33.

Dijkstra, M., "Azaryaw, the Great Princess," BN 97 (1999), 18-23.

DuQuesne, T., "The Raw and the Half-Baked: Approaches to Egyptian Religion," Discussions in
    Egyptology
30 (1994), 29-35.

Durand, J.-M., ed. La femme dans le Proche-Orient antique. RAI 33; Paris, 1987.

_____, Les dames du palais de Mari," MARI 4 (1985), 385-436.

Edwards, I.E.S., "A Relief of Qudshu-Astarte-Anath in the Winchester College Collection," JNES 14
    (1955), 49-51.

Eichler, B.L., "Nuzi and the Bible: A Retrospective," in H. Behrens, et al, eds. DUMU-E-DUB-BA-A: Studies
     in Honor of Ake W. Sjoberg
. Philadelphia: University Museum, 1989: 107-19

Ellis, M. deJong, "The Goddess Kitium Spaks to King Ibalpiel: Oracle Texts from Ishchali," MARI 5
    (1987), 235-66.

Eyre, C.J., "Crime and Adultery in Ancient Egypt," JEA 70 (1984), 92-105.

Farber, G., "`Inanna and Enki' in Geneva: a Sumerian Myth Revisited," JNES 54 (1995), 287-92.

Farber, W., "Witchcraft, Magic, and Divination in Ancient Mesopotamia," CANE 3 (1995),
    1895-1909.

_____, "Magic at the Cradle: Babylonian and Assyrian Lullabies," Anthropos 85 (1990), 139-48.

_____, "Lilu, Lilitu, Ardat-lili. A. Philologisch," RIA 7 (1987), 23-24.

Fazzini, R.A., "Some Aspects of the Precinct of the Goddess Mut in the New Kingdom," in E. Ehrenberg, ed.
     Leaving No Stone Unturned: Essays on the Ancient Near East and Egypt in Honor of Donald P.
     Hansen.
Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2002: 63-76.

Finet, A., "Hammurapi et l'epouse vertueuse: a propos des ss 133 et 142-43 du Code," in M. Beek, et al,
    eds. Symbolae Biblicae et Mesopotamicae (1973), 137-43.

Finkelstein, J.J., "Cutting the sissiktu in Divorce Proceedings," WO 8 (1976), 236-40.

_____, "Sex Offenses in Sumerian Laws," JAOS 86 (1966), 355-372.

Fisher, E.J., "Cultic Prostitution in the Ancient Near East? A Reassessment," BTB 5 (1976), 225-36.

Fleming, D.E., "By the Sweat of Your Brow: Adam, Anat , Athirat and Ashurbanipal," in G.J. Brooke, et al, eds.
     Ugarit and the Bible. Munster: Ugarit-Verlag, 1994: 93-100.

_____. The Installation of Baal's High Priestess at Emar. Atlanta: Scholars, 1992.

Fontaine, C., "The Social Roles of Women in the World of Wisdom," in FCWL (1995), 24-49.

_____, "A Heifer From Thy Stable: on Goddesses and the Status of Women in the Ancient Near East,"
    USQR
43 (1989), 67-91.

_____, "The Deceptive Goddess in Ancient Near Eastern Myth: Inanna and Inaras," Semeia 42 (1988),
    84-102.

_____, "Queenly Proverb Performance: The Prayer of Puduhepa (KUB XXI, 27)," in K.G. Hogland, et
    al, eds. The Listening Heart (JSOTSup 58; Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1987), 95-126.

Foster, B., "Gilgamesh: Sex, Love and the Ascent of Knowledge," in J.H. Marks and R.M. Good, eds.
    Love and Death in the Ancient Near East. Guilford, CN: Four Quarters, 1987:21-42.

Frymer-Kensky, T., "The Ideology of Gender in the Bible and the Ancient Near East," in H. Behrens, et
    al, eds. DUMU-E-DUB-BA-A: Studies in Honor of Ake W. Sjoberg. Philadelphia: University
    Museum, 1989: 185-91.

Galpaz-Feller, P., "Privates Lives and Public Censure -- Adultery in Ancient Egypt and Biblical Israel,"
    NEA 67/3 (2004), 152-161.

Gelb, I.J., "Household and the Family in Early Mesopotamia," in E. Lipinski, ed. State and Temple
    Economy in the Ancient Near East
. vol. 1; Leuven: Peeters, 1979: 1-97.

_____, "The Arua Institution," RA 66 (1972), 1-32.

_____, "Approaches to the Study of Ancient Society," JAOS 87 (1967), 1-7.

Geller, M.J., "An Eanna Tablet from Uruk in Cleveland," in Z. Zevit, et al, eds. Solving Riddles and
    Untying Knots
. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 1995:531-42.

_____, "Taboo in Mesopotamia," JCS 42 (1990), 105-17.

_____, "A New Piece of Witchcraft," in Studies Sjoberg, 1989: 193-205.

Giveon, R., "Ptah and Astarte on a Seal from Accho," in G. Buccellati, ed. Studi sul 'Oriente e la Bibbia
    offerti a P. Giovani Rinaldi
. Genes: Editrice Studio e Vita, 1967: 147-53.

Glassner, J.J., "Women, Hospitality and the Honor of the Family," in B. Lesko, ed. Women's Earliest
    Records
(1989), 71-90.

_____, "De Sumer a Babylone: familles pour gerer, familles pour regner," in A. Burguiere, et al, eds.
    Histoire de la famille, vol. 1; Paris: Armand Colin, 1986: 127-74.

Goldwater, L. Women in Antiquity: An Annotated Bibliography. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow, 1975.

Gorg, M., "Die Gottin der Ekron-Inschrift," BN 93 (1998), 9-10.

Greenfield, J.C., "`Because He/She Did Not Know Letters’: Remarks on a First Millennium C.E. Legal
    Expression," JANES 22 (1993), 39-44.

Greengus, S., "Bridewealth in Sumerian Sources," HUCA 61 (1990), 25-88.

_____, "A Textbook Case of Adultery in Ancient Mesopotamia," HUCA 40-41 (1969-70), 33-44.

_____., "The Old Babylonian Marriage Contract," JAOS 89 (1969), 505-532.

_____, "Old Babylonian Marriage Ceremonies and Rites," JCS 20 (1966), 55-72.

Griffiths, J.G. Plutarch's "De Iside et Osiride". Cambridge: University of Wales Press, 1970.

_____. The Conflict of Horus and Seth from Egyptian and Classical Sources. Liverpool:
    Liverpool University Press, 1960.

Grimal, P. ed. Histoire mondiale de la femme: prehistoire et antiquite. Paris: Libraire de France,
    1957.

Groneberg, B.Lob der Ishtar: Gebet und Ritual an die altbabylonische Venus Gottin
    Groningen: Styx, 1997.

_____, "Zu den mesopotamischen Unterweltsvorstellungen: Das Jenseit als Fortsetzung des
    Diesseits," Altorientalische Forschungen 17 (1990), 244-61.

Grosz, K., "Some Aspects of the Position of Women in Nuzi," in B.S. Lesko, ed. Women's Earliest
    Records: From Ancient Egypt and Western Asia.
Atlanta: Scholars, 1989.

_____. The Archive of the Wullu Family. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press, 1988.

_____, "Bridewealth and Dowry in Nuzi." In Images of Women in Antiquity. Edited by A. Cameron and
    A. Kuhrt. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1983:193-206.

_____, "Dowry and Brideprice in Nuzi," in M.A. Morrison and D.Owens, eds. Studies on the
    Civilization and Culture of Nuzi and the Hurrians
. Eisenbrauns, 1981:161-82.

Guinan, A.K., "Auguries of Hegemony: The Sex Omens of Mesopotamia," in M. Wyke, ed. 
    Gender and Body in the Ancient Mediterranean. Oxford: Blackwell, 1998: 38-55.

Haase, R., "Der Seitensprung einer Ehefrau und seine Folgen nach der heithitischen Rechtssatzung," ZABR
   
5 (1999), 71-74.

Hackett, J.A., "Can a Sexist Model Liberate Us? Ancient Near Eastern Fertility Goddesses," JFSR 5
    (1989), 69.

Hallo, W.W., "For Love Is Strong as Death," JANES 22 (1993), 45-50.

_____, "Biblical Abominations and Sumerian Taboos," JQR 76 (1985), 21-40.

_____, "The Slandered Bride," in R.D. Biggs and J.A. Brinkman, eds. Studies Presented to A. Leo
    Oppenheim
. Chicago: Oriental Institute, 1964: 95-105.

_____ and J.J.A. van Dijk. The Exaltation of Inanna. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1968.

Hammond, D. and A. Jablow, "Gilgamesh and the Sundance Kid: The Myth of Male Friendship," in
    H. Brod, ed. The Making of Masculinities: The New Men's Studies. Boston: Allen & Unwin,
    1987: 241-58.

Hardman, P.D. Homoaffectionalism: Male Bonding from Gilgamesh to the Present. San
    Francisco: NF Division, GLB Publishers, 1993.

Harris, R. Gender and Aging in Mesopotamia: The Gilgamesh Epic and Other Ancient Literature.
    Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2000.

_____, "Inanna-Ishtar as Paradox and a Coincidence of Opposites," History of Religions 30 (1991),
    261- 278.

_____, "Images of Women in the Gilgamesh Epic," in T. Abusch, et al, eds. Lingering Over Words.
    Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1990a:219-30.

_____, "The Female `Sage' in Mesopotamian Literature," in J.G. Gammie and L.G. Perdue, eds. The
    Sage in Israel and the Ancient Near East
. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 1990b:3-17.

_____, "Independent Women in Ancient Mesopotamia?," in Women's Earliest Records, ed. B.S. Lesko,
    1989:145-56.

_____, "The Case of Three Babylonian Marriage Contracts," JNES 33 (1974), 363-69.

_____, "The naditu Woman," in R. Biggs and J.A. Brinkman, eds. Studies Presented to A. Leo
    Oppenheim.
Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1964:106-35.

_____, "The Organization and Administration of the Cloister in Ancient Babylonia," JESHO 6 (1963),
    131-41.

Hassan, F.A., "Primeval Goddess to Divine King: The Mythogenesis of Power in the Early Egyptian
    State," in R. Friedman and B. Adams, eds. The Followers of Horus: Studies Dedicated to Michael
    Allen Hoffman
. Oxford: Oxbow Publications, 1992: 307-21.

Hasselbach, R., "The Markers of Person, Gender, and Number in the Prefixes of G-Preformative
    Conjugations in Semitic," JAOS 124 (2004), 23-35.

Hawley, R. and B. Lovick, eds. Women in Antiquity: New Assessment. London: Routledge, 1995.

Heimpel, W., "The Nanshe Hymn," JCS 33 (1981), 65-139.

Helck, W., "Zur herkunft der Erzählung des sogn. `Astartepapyrus'," in M. Gorg, ed. Fontes atque
    pontes
. Weisbaden: Harrassowitz, 1983:215-23.

Held, M., "A Faithful Lover in an Old Babylonian Dialogue," JCS 15 (1961), 1-26.

Henshaw, R.A. Female and Male: the Cultic Personnel -- The Bible and the Rest of the Ancient
    Near East
. Allison Park, PA: Pickwick Press, 1993.

Hestrin, R., "Understanding Asherah: Exploring Semitic Iconography," BRev 17/5 (1991), 50-59.

Hillers, D., "Analyzing the Abominable: Our Understanding of Canaanite Religion," JQR 75/3 (1985),
    253-269.

Hoffner, H.A., "Symbols of Masculinity and Femininity: Their Use in Ancient Near Eastern Sympathetic
    Magic Rituals," JBL 85 (1966a), 326-34.

_____, "Birth and Name-Giving in Hittite Texts," JNES 27 (1966b), 198-203.

Hollis, S.T. The Ancient Egyptian "Tale of Two Brothers": The Oldest Fairy Tale in the World.
    Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1990.

_____, "The Woman in Ancient Examples of the Potiphar's Wife Motif, K2111," in P. Day, ed.
    Gender and Difference. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1989: 29-42.

Hooks, S. Sacred Prostitution in Israel and the Ancient Near East (Ph.D. Dissertation; Hebrew Union
    College, 1985).

Hugenberger, G.P. Marriage as a Covenant (VTSup 52; Leiden: Brill, 1994).

Hurowitz, V.A., "An Old Babylonian Bawdy Ballad," in Solving Riddles and Untying Knots (1995),
    543-58.

Jacobsen, T., "A Maidenly Inanna," JANES 22 (1993), 63-68.

_____. The Treasures of Darkness: A History of Mesopotamian Religion. New Haven: Yale
    University Press, 1976.

_____. Toward the Image of Tammuz and Other Essays on Mesopotamian Religion. Cambridge,
    MA: Harvard University Press, 1970.

_____, "How Did Gilgamesh Oppress Uruk?" Acta Orientalia 8 (1930), 62-74.

Janssen, J.J., "Marriage Problems and Public Reactions," in J. Baines, et al, eds. Pyramid Studies and Other
    Essays Presented to I.E.S. Edwards
. London: Egypt Exploration Society, 1988: 134-37.

Jany, J., "The Ghost 'Marriage' in Zoroastrian Law," Trans 28 (2004), 117-31.

Joffe, A.H., J.P. Dessel, and R.S. Hallotte, "The 'Gilat Woman': Female Iconography, Chalcolithic Cult,
     and the End of Southern Levantine Pre-history," NEA 64 (2001), 8-23.

Johnson, J.H., "The Legal Status of Women in Ancient Egypt," in A.K. Capel and G.E. Markoe, eds.
    Mistress of the House, Mistress of Heaven: Women in Ancient Egypt. New York: Hudson Hills
    Press, 1996: 175-86.

Johnston, P., "Figuring Out Figurines," TynBul 54 (2003), 81-104.

Jones, P., "Embracing Inana: Legitimation and Mediation in the Ancient Mesopotamian Sacred Marriage
    Hymn Iddin-Dagan A," JAOS 123 (2003), 291-302.

Karahashi, F., "Fighting the Mountain: Some Observations on the Sumerian Myths of Inanna and Ninurta,"
    JNES 63 (2004), 111-118.

Katz, D., "Inanna's Descent and Undressing the Dead as a Divine Law," ZA 85 (1995), 221-33.

Katzenstein, H.J., "Who Were the Parents of Athaliah?," IEJ 5 (1955), 194-97.

Kilmer, A.D., "The Mesopotamian Concept of Overpopulation and Its Solution as Represented in the
    Mythology," Or 41 (1972), 160-177.

_____, "How was Queen Ereshkigal Tricked? A New Interpretation of the Descent of Ishtar," UF
   
3 (1971), 299-309.

Knapp, B., "The Archetypal Woman Fulfilled: Isis, Harmony of Flesh/Spirit/Logos," Symposium 50
    (1996), 28-39.

Koschaker, P., "Zur Interpretation des Art 59 des Codex Bilalama,," JCS 5 (1951), 104-22.

_____, "In der Tat durfte in VAS 8 4-5 der Schreibersich versehen und im Ausdruck vergiffen haben," ZA
   
45 (1935), 208-11.

_____, "Fratriarchat, Hausgemeinschaft und Mutterrecht in Keilschriftrechten," ZA 41 (1933), 1-89.

_____. Rechtsvergleichende Studien zur Gesetzgebung Hammurapis. Leipzig, 1917.

Kramer, S.N., "The Marriage of Martu," in J. Klein and A. Skaist, eds. Bar-Ilan Studies in Assyriology
    dedicated to Pinhas Artzi
. Ramat Gan: Bar-Ilan University, 1990: 11-27.

_____, "The Ideal Mother: A Sumerian Portrait," Belleten 159 (1976), 413-21.

_____. The Sacred Marriage Rite: Aspects of Faith, Myth, and Ritual in Ancient Sumer.
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